Related Topics: Homeland Security Research

Homeland Security Research Products in the Science Inventory

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  • Organization = [ORD-NHSRC]
Records 1 to 25 of 917

2023
Analysis for Coastal Operational Resiliency (AnCOR) Wide Area Demonstration (WAD)
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 01, 2023]
Report on the Wide Area Demonstration (WAD) under the Analysis for Coastal Operational Resiliency (AnCOR) project. The AnCOR WAD was conducted from May 2 through May 27, 2022. The test venue was located at Fort A.P. Hill (FAPH), Bowling Green, VA. All work will was conducted at F...
Decontamination of Vegetation to Inactivate Bacillus anthracis Spores
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Dec 07, 2023]
The Analysis for Coastal Operational Resiliency (AnCOR) program is an interagency collaboration between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and the United States Coast Guard (USCG). The overall purpose of this multiagency pro...
Impact of test methodology on the efficacy of triethylene glycol (Grignard Pure) against bacteriophage MS2
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 10, 2023]
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised interest in using chemical air treatments as part of a strategy to reduce the risk of disease transmission, but more information is needed to characterize their efficacy at scales translatable to applied settings and to develop methods for evaluat...
2021
Decontamination of urban surfaces contaminated with radioactive materials and consequent onsite recycling of the waste water
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 04, 2021]
Enhancing rapid remediation strategies is paramount for recovery after a large-scale nuclear contamination event in an urban environment. Some current strategies recommend use of readily available equipment, materials, and facilities to expedite recovery. For example, applying pr...
Functional resilience of activated sludge exposed to Bacillus globigii and bacteriophage MS2
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 17, 2021]
This study evaluated the effect of two biocontaminant surrogates on the activity and performance of activated sludge. In the presence of bacteriophage MS2 at 3.2 × 108 PFU/ml, the peak respiration rates varied between 9.1 and 10.5 mg O2/gVSS/hr, generally similar to the rates obs...
Predicting wildfire particulate matter and hypothetical re-emission of radiological Cs-137 contamination incidents
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 15, 2021]
Radiological release incidents can potentially contaminate wide areas with radiological materials and decontamination efforts are typically focused on populated areas leaving radionuclides in forested areas for long periods of time. Large wildfires in contaminated forested areas ...
2020
Adsorption of bacteriophage MS2 to colloids: Kinetics and particle interactions
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 20, 2020]
Virus adsorption to colloidal particles is an important issue in the water quality community. Namely, if viruses can quickly and strongly associate to colloids, this can potentially lead to significant implications for management of biohazardous wastes at water resource recovery ...
Engaged: Applying the Anthropology of Disaster to Practitioner Settings and Policy Creation
(BOOK CHAPTER) [Published : Jan 01, 2020]
This product is a book chapter intended for an edited volume on disasters and culture. It stems from a plenary panel at the 2018 Society for Applied Anthropology meetings, where the four panelists (now co-authors) addressed the four questions that frame the chapter. The intended ...
Physiological responses to a single low-dose of Bacillus anthracis spores in the rabbit model of inhalational anthrax
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 11, 2020]
Journal Article--Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of inhalation anthrax, is one of the most highly studied biological threat agents, yet consensus is still lacking on an appropriate dose-response relationship to describe human health effects from low doses and multiple exp...
2019
2018 EPA International Decontamination Research and Development Conference
(SUMMARY) [Published : May 28, 2019]
On May 8-10, 2018, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Office of Research and Development’s National Homeland Security Research Center (ORD/NHSRC) hosted the 10th U.S. EPA International Decontamination Research and Development Conference at the EPA facilities in Re...
A Bench-Scale Procedure for Evaluating Chlorine Bleach Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Water from a Cleanup of a Site with Biothreat Agents
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : May 02, 2019]
This report describes a streamlined bench scale procedure which has been developed for testing the efficacy of chlorine bleach for the inactivation of Bacillus spores in wash water originating from a cleanup of a site contaminated with Bacillus anthracis spores.
A case study of cesium sorption onto concrete materials and evaluation of wash agents: Implications for wide area recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 01, 2019]
The sorption and desorption properties of radionuclides onto common building materials such as concrete are critical factors in the improvement of techniques for mitigating a release of nuclear or radiological material to the urban environment. A potential option for the early p...
A comparison of building effects simulations in different atmospheric dispersion models with detailed sonic measurements from the Jack Rabbit II field experiment
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Sep 24, 2019]
Atmospheric dispersion models have frequently been used around complex industrial sites or in urban areas where building effects are predominant. Urban structures tend to considerably modify the local flow, potentially impacting concentrations from hazardous releases. These dispe...
ANALYSIS FOR COASTAL OPERATIONAL RESILIENCY ANCOR
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Sep 25, 2019]
This presentation will address capability gaps related to sampling, fate & transport, decontamination, data management, and waste management. Local and state responders can benefit from this research with new information and tools to ensure community resilience to a wide area bi...
Chlorine Exposure During a Biological Decontamination Study in a Mock Subway Tunnel
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 12, 2019]
The Underground Transport Restoration (UTR) Operational Technology Demonstration (OTD) was a full-scale study focused on remediation of a subway system after contamination with a Bacillus anthracis (Ba) surrogate (Bacillus atrophaeus, subspecies globigii [Bg]). The study involved...
Chlorine and monochloramine disinfection of Legionella pneumophila colonizing copper and PVC drinking water biofilms
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 25, 2019]
Building water systems (BWSs) promote the regrowth and survival of opportunistic pathogens, such as Legionella pneumophila, especially within biofilms (BFs), where most drinking water (DW) microbes reside. However, compared to their planktonic (PL) form, disinfection efficacy fo...
Decontamination of Bacillus Spores from Drinking Water Infrastructure with Physical Removal (Pigging) and Assessment of Pipe Relining Technologies
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 16, 2019]
The objectives of this project were to evaluate the effectiveness of: (1) a physical scouring (pigging) technology for removing Bacillus globigii spores following intentional contamination of the Water Security Test Bed (WSTB). First responders and decision makers managing a wate...
Decontamination through a One Health Lens
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Nov 15, 2019]
In an increasingly connected world, integrating a One Health approach is needed to better assess risks posed by biothreat agents and for developing effective, environmentally-sustainable response strategies. One Health recognizes the interaction and interconnectedness of human, a...
Development of a Rapid Viability Polymerase Chain Reaction Method for Detection of Yersinia pestis in Water
(JOURNAL) [Published : May 13, 2019]
Due to the occurrence of natural plague outbreaks and its historical usage as a biological weapon, Yersinia pestis is considered one of the high-priority biological threat agents. It can remain viable in certain environments including water for more than 100 days. The Rapid Viabi...
EPA EFFORTS ON AIR MONITORING TO ASSESS BIOSECURITY OF GRINDING OPERATIONS
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Sep 17, 2019]
The presentation will describe the air monitoring EPA is doing for the grinding project for African Swine Fever preparedness.
EPA/ORD Research Efforts on Disposal of Contaminated Animal Carcasses
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Sep 17, 2019]
Presentation on EPA's activities supporting USDA for animal carcass disposal
Efficacy and Compatibility of Decontamination Options for Sensitive Equipment-Related Materials Contaminated with Persistent Chemical Warfare Agents
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Aug 23, 2019]
Under U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Homeland Security Research Program (US EPA HSRP), the National Homeland Security Research Center conducts research necessary to identify methods and technologies that can be used for the decontamination of equipment and surfaces contam...
Evaluating Solid Sorbents for Recycling Wash Waters Containing Strontium and Calcium
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2019]
A radiological release from a radiological dispersal device (RDD) or an improvised nuclear device (IND) has the potential to contaminate a vast area both near the dispersal epicenter and via atmospheric deposition of small particles containing the more volatile contaminants. Rapi...
Evaluation of Analytical Methods for the Detection of Bacillus Anthracis Spores: Compatibility with Real-World Samples Collected from Outdoor and Subway Surfaces
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Aug 20, 2019]
This effort sought to assess the impact of potential real-world interferents (RWIs) present in Sponge-Stick and Vacuum Cassettes (VCF) samples on current culture and molecular analysis methods. Having an assessment of the impact, if any, will help EPA understand limitations of th...
Evaluation of Low-Tech Outdoor Decontamination Methods Following Wide Area Radiological/Nuclear Incidents
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 02, 2019]
This technology evaluation report included use of low-tech decontamination methods on surfaces common to outdoor residential environments and included evaluating the decontamination efficacy, method constraints, safety concerns, feasibility, waste generation, potential exposure, ...